by Admin | Apr 29, 2021
are the objects from ecosystems that people value through experience, use or consumption, whether that value is expressed in economic, social or personal terms. Note that the use of this term here goes well beyond a narrow definition of goods simply as physical items bought and sold in markets, and includes objects that have no market price (e.g. outdoor recreation) (OpenNESS glossary, 2016).
Some schools of thought equate ‘goods’ and ‘services’ (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005; von Haaren et al. 2014), others equate ‘goods’ and benefits’ (UK NEA, 2011).
References
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005. Chapter 2: Ecosystems and their services. in Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: A Framework for Analysis. Washington DC: Island Press, 21.
UK National Ecosystem Assessment, 2011. The UK National Ecosystem Assessment: Synthesis of the Key Findings. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge.
Von Haaren, C., C. Albert, J. Barkmann, R. de Groot, J.H. Spangenberg, C. Schröter-Schlaack and B. Hansjürgens, 2014. From explanation to application: introducing a practice-oriented ecosystem services evaluation (PRESET) model adapted to the context of landscape planning and management. Landscape Ecology 29, 1335-1346. DOI: 10.1007/s10980-014-0084-1
by Admin | Apr 29, 2021
The process of formulating decisions and guiding the behaviour of humans, groups and organisations in formally, often hierarchically organised decision-making systems or in networks that cross decision-making levels and sector boundaries (OpenNESS glossary, 2016).
by Admin | Apr 29, 2021
means that the situation in which an individual makes a choice has such properties that the individual finds it in their best interest to respond truthfully (not to strategically misrepresent their preferences). It is important in Discrete Choice Experiments (DCEs) and experimental economicssubfield of economics that uses experimental methods/economic experiments to study individual and collective decision-making. By giving the researcher freedom to manipulate factors of interest, difficulties to establish causal rel... More, as it is a necessary condition for the observed values to be interpreted as individual’s true (not mis-represented) preferences.
by Admin | Jul 1, 2021
An analysis of the rules regulating the behaviour of people, groups or organisations, paying attention to formal regulations and laws and/or informal rules about customs and practices. The interest lies in what rules have produced current behaviour, or what rules might produce targeted behaviour. Institutional analysisAn analysis of the rules regulating the behaviour of people, groups or organisations, paying attention to formal regulations and laws and/or informal rules about customs and practices. The interest lies in what rules have produced... More merges approaches from law, economics and organisational studies (OpenNESS glossary, 2016).
by Admin | Apr 29, 2021
refers to behavior that is driven by internal rewards (i.e. the motivation to engage in a behavior arises from within the individual because it is naturally satisfying to him).
See also: Extrinsic motivationsExtrinsic motivation involves engaging in a behavior in order to earn external rewards or avoid punishment. See also: Intrinsic motivations More
