by Admin | May 4, 2021
A PES scheme is a transparent system for the additional provision of environmental servicesare the services that humans render to each other to maintain or increase certain ecosystem services (Karsenty, 2013). Environmental services are a sub-group of ecosystem services that are characterised by externalities (FAO, 2007... More through conditional payments to voluntary providers (e.g., farmers or landowners) (Tacconi, 2012).
See Wunder (2015) for an overview of definitions.
Synonym: Payments for Environmental Servicesare the services that humans render to each other to maintain or increase certain ecosystem services (Karsenty, 2013). Environmental services are a sub-group of ecosystem services that are characterised by externalities (FAO, 2007... More
References
Tacconi, L., 2012. Redefining Payments for Environmental Servicesare the services that humans render to each other to maintain or increase certain ecosystem services (Karsenty, 2013). Environmental services are a sub-group of ecosystem services that are characterised by externalities (FAO, 2007... More. Ecological Economics. 73: 29-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.09.028
Wunder, S., 2015. Revisiting the Concept of Payments for Environmental Servicesare the services that humans render to each other to maintain or increase certain ecosystem services (Karsenty, 2013). Environmental services are a sub-group of ecosystem services that are characterised by externalities (FAO, 2007... More. Ecological Economics 117: 234–243. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.08.016
by Admin | May 4, 2021
Attribute of policy that systematically reduces conflicts and promotes synergies between and within different policy areas to achieve the outcomes associated with jointly agreed policy objectives.
by Admin | May 4, 2021
Policy evaluationPolicy evaluation uses a range of research methods to systematically investigate the effectiveness of policy interventions, implementation and processes, and to determine their merit, worth, or value in terms of improving the soci... More uses a range of research methods to systematically investigate the effectiveness of policy interventions, implementation and processes, and to determine their merit, worth, or value in terms of improving the social and economic conditions of different stakeholders.
by Admin | May 4, 2021
is an approach where the farmer follows prescribed management actions to achieve the wider goals of an agri-environment scheme. The focus is on the practice (e.g. cut grassland not before certain date) and not the result (e.g. number of farmland birds). This means that payments are based on the practice or action.
Synonym: Input-based approach; measure -based approach; action-based approach; prescription-based
by Admin | May 4, 2021
Six property rightsSix property rights bundles can be differentiated (Galik and Jagger, 2015; Schlager and Ostrom, 1992). They can be described as follows: Access: right to enter a defined physical property Withdrawal: right to obtain products... More bundles can be differentiated (Galik and Jagger, 2015; Schlager and Ostrom, 1992). They can be described as follows:
Access: right to enter a defined physical property
Withdrawal: right to obtain products from a resource
Management: right to use/transform the resource by making improvements
Alteration: right to change the set of services/goods provided by a resource
Exclusion: right to determine access rights and if right can be transferred to others
Alienation: right to sell/ lease some/all management, alteration and exclusion rights
See also: Land tenureLand tenure is an institution, i.e., rules invented by societies to regulate behaviour. Rules of tenure define how property rights to land are to be allocated within societies. They define how access is granted to rights to use, c... More
References
Galik, C.S. and P. Jagger, 2015. Bundles, Duties, and Rights: A Revised Framework for Analysis of Natural Resource Property RightsSix property rights bundles can be differentiated (Galik and Jagger, 2015; Schlager and Ostrom, 1992). They can be described as follows: Access: right to enter a defined physical property Withdrawal: right to obtain products... More Regimes. Land Economics 91, 76-90. DOI: 10.3368/le.91.1.76
Schlager, E. and E. Ostrom, 1992. Property-Rights Regimes and Natural Resources: A Conceptual Analysis. Land Economics 68, 249-262. DOI: 10.2307/3146375
